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Cómo usar MetaMask

A step-by-step guide to installing MetaMask, creating and backing up a wallet, adding networks, sending and receiving crypto, and connecting to DeFi apps without getting scammed.

12 min de lectura Actualizado en septiembre de 2026 Carteras

¿Qué es MetaMask?

MetaMask es una cartera cripto de autocustodia. Te permite almacenar, enviar y recibir ETH y tokens ERC-20, y conectarte a aplicaciones descentralizadas (dApps) en Ethereum y otras cadenas compatibles con EVM (EVM significa Ethereum Virtual Machine, el software que ejecuta los contratos inteligentes de Ethereum). Está disponible como extensión de navegador para Chrome, Firefox, Brave y Edge, y como aplicación móvil para iOS y Android. Es una de las carteras más utilizadas en el mundo cripto.

"Self-custodial" means you control the private keys: not a company, not an exchange, not MetaMask itself. Access to your funds rests on a 12-word seed phrase that only you hold. That is different from keeping crypto on Coinbase or Binance, where the exchange holds the keys for you.

MetaMask is also your entry point to DeFi. It connects to protocols such as Uniswap and Aave and to many other decentralized applications. Swapping tokens, lending, providing liquidity or earning yield all start with a connected wallet.

Auto-custodia

Tú posees las claves privadas. Ningún tercero puede congelar o mover tus fondos sin tu frase semilla.

Multi‑Red

Cambia entre Ethereum, Arbitrum, Base, Polygon, Optimism y otras cadenas compatibles con EVM desde el menú de red.

Pasarela dApp

Conéctate a protocolos DeFi, mercados de NFT y otras aplicaciones Web3 desde tu navegador o teléfono.

Instalando MetaMask

MetaMask comes as a browser extension and as a mobile app. The most important rule: start every install from the official website, metamask.io (see Sources). Fake MetaMask extensions and apps are a common phishing tool. They look like the real thing and steal your seed phrase the moment you type it in.

1

Extensión de navegador (Recomendado)

Ve a metamask.io, abre la página de descarga y elige tu navegador (Chrome, Firefox, Brave o Edge). Se te redirige a la tienda oficial de extensiones de ese navegador. Añade la extensión y confirma la instalación. El icono del zorro de MetaMask aparece en la barra de herramientas de tu navegador.

Consejo de verificación: en la tienda de extensiones, comprueba que el editor sea MetaMask y que la ficha sea la vinculada desde metamask.io. Nunca instales MetaMask desde un enlace en un correo electrónico, un mensaje de Discord o un anuncio en redes sociales.

2

Aplicación móvil (iOS & Android)

Open the App Store (iOS) or Google Play (Android) and search for MetaMask, or follow the store links from metamask.io. Check that the publisher is MetaMask (the company behind it is Consensys). The mobile app includes a built-in browser for using DeFi apps from your phone.

You can bring your existing browser wallet to mobile by importing its seed phrase, or create a separate wallet on mobile.

Creando tu billetera

After installation, MetaMask walks you through wallet creation. The seed phrase backup is the step that matters most; take your time with it.

1

Aceptar los Términos & Crear Contraseña

Elige crear una nueva cartera y acepta los términos. Establece una contraseña segura (MetaMask requiere al menos 8 caracteres; más larga es mejor). La contraseña solo desbloquea la cartera en este dispositivo. No es tu frase semilla y no puede recuperar la cartera en otro dispositivo.

2

Respaldar su frase semilla

MetaMask shows a 12-word Secret Recovery Phrase (seed phrase). Write the 12 words on paper in the exact order shown. Do not take a screenshot. Do not store it in a notes app or a cloud service. The phrase is the master key to the wallet: anyone who has it can take all your funds from any device.

3

Confirme su frase semilla

MetaMask te pide que vuelvas a introducir algunas de las palabras para confirmar que las anotaste correctamente. Selecciónalas en el orden correcto. Esta verificación asegura que tienes una copia de seguridad funcional antes de usar la cartera.

4

Cartera lista

Your wallet is ready. You see your address (it starts with 0x), a balance of 0 ETH and the main MetaMask view. You can now receive crypto, add networks and connect to DeFi applications.

Por qué su frase semilla es importante

  • La frase semilla es la única forma de recuperar tu cartera si pierdes el acceso a tu dispositivo. Si pierdes la frase, los fondos se pierden para siempre.
  • Never share the seed phrase with anyone. No legitimate service, support agent or dApp will ever ask for it.
  • Store it offline: written on paper or stamped on metal, ideally in a safe. Never in email, cloud storage or a file on your computer.

Añadiendo redes a MetaMask

MetaMask connects to Ethereum mainnet by default, but you will probably want Layer 2 networks such as Arbitrum, Base, Optimism and Polygon for cheaper transactions. Gas fees on these networks are a small fraction of mainnet fees; ethereum.org explains why (see Sources).

MetaMask includes a list of popular networks that you can enable from the network menu. For a network that is not on the list, chainlist.org is a widely used directory: connect MetaMask, search for the network and add it. The parameters (RPC URL, chain ID, currency symbol) are filled in for you. You can also enter them by hand; the MetaMask support site explains how (see Sources).

Red Tipo Fee Level Mejor para
Ethereum L1 (predeterminado) Más alto Transacciones de alto valor, máxima seguridad
Arbitrum L2 (Optimistic Rollup) Bajo DeFi, trading, uso general
Base L2 (Optimistic Rollup) Bajo Ecosistema Coinbase, tarifas bajas
Polygon Cadena lateral (PoS) Muy bajo Low-cost transactions, gaming
Optimismo L2 (Optimistic Rollup) Bajo DeFi, gobernanza, aplicaciones Superchain

Los niveles de comisión son relativos y varían con la demanda; consulta un rastreador de gas en vivo antes de una transacción grande. Para mover tokens entre redes, necesitas puentear tus criptomonedas, por ejemplo, enviar USDC de Ethereum a Arbitrum para usarlo con comisiones más bajas.

Recibiendo & Enviando Cripto

Once the wallet is set up, you can receive tokens from an exchange, a person or a DeFi protocol, and send tokens to any address on the same network. Here is how each direction works.

Recibiendo Cripto

1

Copia tu dirección de cartera desde la vista de cuenta en MetaMask (al tocar la dirección se copia). Se ve así 0x1a2B...3c4D.

2

Give the address to the sender: paste it into the exchange withdrawal form or send it to the person paying you. The address is public and safe to share, like a bank account number.

3

Asegúrate de que el remitente utilice la red correcta. Si alguien envía USDC en Arbitrum mientras MetaMask muestra Ethereum, no verás los tokens hasta que cambies a Arbitrum. No se han perdido; están en otra cadena.

Enviando cripto

1

Choose Send in MetaMask and paste the recipient's address. Check it twice: transactions cannot be reversed, and funds sent to a wrong address are lost.

2

Select the token and enter the amount. MetaMask shows the estimated gas fee. On Ethereum mainnet the fee depends on current demand; on a Layer 2 such as Arbitrum or Base the same transfer costs a small fraction of that.

3

Review the details and confirm. The transaction is broadcast to the network. Track it from the activity list in MetaMask or by searching the transaction hash on a block explorer such as Etherscan.

Want to understand why gas fees vary so much? Read our guide on what gas fees are and how they work.

¿Tienes USDC en tu MetaMask?

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Conectando MetaMask a aplicaciones DeFi

Most of what you do with MetaMask happens through DeFi apps. Here is how a connection works and what to expect at each step.

Cómo conectar (pasos universales)

1

Open the dApp's official website (for example app.uniswap.org, app.aave.com or app.coinstancy.com). Type the URL or use a bookmark. Do not follow links from Discord, Telegram or email.

2

Use the dApp's connect wallet option and pick MetaMask from the list. A MetaMask window opens asking you to approve the connection.

3

Review which accounts the dApp wants to see and confirm. A connected dApp can read your address and balances but cannot move funds without a separate signature from you.

4

When you act (swap, deposit, lend), MetaMask opens a window describing the smart contract interaction and the gas fee. Read what it will do, then confirm or reject.

Uniswap

Swap ERC-20 tokens on Ethereum, Arbitrum, Base, Polygon and Optimism. One of the largest decentralized exchanges.

Intercambios de tokens

Aave

Preste y tome prestado cripto. Deposite tokens para ganar intereses, o tome prestado contra sus tenencias como garantía.

Préstamos & Préstamos

Coinstancy

Earn 7.50% APY on USDC with Dollar Savings. Interest accrues every second and is automatically reinvested. No lock-up period, withdraw anytime.

Rendimiento en USDC

Mejores prácticas de seguridad

Self-custody gives you full control and full responsibility. These habits protect a MetaMask wallet from the most common attacks. For more depth, read our crypto security guide.

Nunca compartas tu frase semilla

No legitimate service, support agent or website will ever ask for your 12-word seed phrase. If anyone asks for it, it is a scam, without exception.

Utilice una cartera hardware

For any amount you would hate to lose, pair MetaMask with a hardware wallet such as a Ledger or Trezor. The private keys stay on the device, so a compromised computer cannot sign on its own. MetaMask supports hardware wallets directly: connect the device and add its account (see the Ledger and Trezor docs in Sources).

Revocar aprobaciones de tokens

When you approve a contract to spend your tokens, the permission stays active until you revoke it. Use revoke.cash to review and revoke old approvals. This limits the damage if a contract you once approved is later exploited.

Detectar intentos de phishing

Bookmark the official URLs of the dApps you use. Phishing sites copy DeFi interfaces closely. Check the address bar before you sign anything. MetaMask includes phishing detection that warns you about known malicious sites, but it cannot catch every new one.

Gana 7.50% APY en USDC

Pon tus USDC a trabajar con Coinstancy Dollar Savings. Los intereses se acumulan cada segundo y se reinvierten automáticamente. Sin bloqueo, retira en cualquier momento.

Comienza a ganar en Coinstancy

Alternativas a MetaMask

MetaMask is the most common choice, but several alternatives address specific needs. Here is a short comparison of popular options.

Cartera Mejor para Plataformas Característica clave
Rabby Usuarios avanzados & DeFi Navegador, móvil Simulación de pre-firma, cambio automático de cadena
Rainbow Usuarios móviles primero iOS, Android, navegador Simple interface, ENS names, portfolio view
Cartera Coinbase Usuarios de Coinbase Navegador, móvil Fácil acceso fiat, nativo de la red Base
Cartera Trust Principiantes multicanal iOS, Android, navegador Many non-EVM chains, built-in staking

All of these wallets are self-custodial and work with the same DeFi apps as MetaMask. A seed phrase is portable: you can import an existing MetaMask wallet into Rabby or Rainbow without moving any funds. The choice comes down to interface, features and workflow.

Preguntas frecuentes

¿MetaMask es gratuito?
Yes. The MetaMask extension and mobile app are free to download and use. You pay network gas fees when you send a transaction or interact with a smart contract, and those go to the network, not to MetaMask. MetaMask charges nothing for holding, receiving or viewing your crypto. Some built-in features, such as in-app swaps, include a MetaMask fee that is shown before you confirm.
¿Qué ocurre si pierdo mi frase semilla?
If you lose your seed phrase and also lose access to the device where MetaMask is installed (broken laptop, lost phone), the wallet and everything in it cannot be recovered. Nobody, not MetaMask, not Ethereum developers, not support staff, can restore access without the phrase. That is why you write it on paper and keep it in a secure offline place.
¿Puedo usar MetaMask en varios dispositivos?
Yes. You can import the same wallet on several devices with your 12-word seed phrase. Install MetaMask on the new device, choose the option to import an existing wallet, and enter the phrase. Both devices then show the same accounts and balances. Each device has its own password; the seed phrase is what links them.
¿MetaMask admite Bitcoin?
MetaMask started as an Ethereum wallet for EVM-compatible networks (Ethereum, Arbitrum, Base, Polygon, Optimism, Avalanche, BNB Chain and similar). It has since been adding non-EVM networks, and support for native Bitcoin has been rolled out in stages. Check the MetaMask support site for the current status on your platform. If your version does not support BTC, you can hold wrapped Bitcoin (WBTC, an ERC-20 token) in MetaMask or use a dedicated Bitcoin wallet.
¿Cómo me protejo de los fraudes de phishing?
Download MetaMask only through metamask.io or the official app stores. Do not follow wallet-related links from emails, Discord messages or social media ads. Check the URL before you type your seed phrase anywhere; MetaMask never asks for it on a website or in a pop-up. Use a hardware wallet for large holdings and review your token approvals at revoke.cash from time to time.
¿Qué son las tarifas de gas y por qué cambian?
Gas fees are what you pay the network to process your transaction. They rise and fall with demand: when many people use Ethereum at the same time, fees go up. MetaMask shows an estimated fee before you confirm. You can pay less by transacting at quieter times or by using a Layer 2 network such as Arbitrum, Base or Optimism, where the same transaction costs a small fraction of the mainnet price.

Fuentes y lecturas adicionales

Las cifras y afirmaciones de esta página se basan en los documentos que aparecen a continuación. Las cifras sensibles al tiempo (tasas, rendimientos, comisiones, datos de mercado) cambian: verifica el valor en vivo en la fuente antes de actuar en consecuencia.

  1. MetaMask, official download pagemetamask.io

    The only place to start an install: links to the official extension stores and app stores.

  2. Soporte de MetaMasksupport.metamask.io

    Getting started, the Secret Recovery Phrase, adding networks, sending tokens, hardware wallet pairing, editing approvals and the current list of supported networks.

  3. Ethereum.org, Carterasethereum.org

    What a self-custodial wallet is, how private keys and recovery phrases work, and how to choose a wallet.

  4. Ethereum.org, Gas and feesethereum.org

    How gas works, why fees change with demand, and how to read a fee estimate.

  5. Ethereum.org, Layer 2ethereum.org

    Why Layer 2 networks such as Arbitrum, Base and Optimism charge lower fees than Ethereum mainnet.

  6. Ethereum.org, Security and scam preventionethereum.org

    Seed phrase handling, phishing patterns and checks before signing.

  7. Chainlistchainlist.org

    Directory of EVM network parameters (chain ID, RPC, currency symbol) that can be added to MetaMask in one click.

  8. Revoke.cashrevoke.cash

    Viewing and revoking token approvals granted from your wallet.

  9. Ledger Supportsupport.ledger.com

    Pairing a Ledger device with MetaMask.

  10. Trezor Learntrezor.io

    Pairing a Trezor device with MetaMask.

Última revisión: septiembre de 2026. Los enlaces externos se abren en una nueva pestaña; Coinstancy no es responsable de su contenido.

Tu billetera está lista. Comienza a ganar.

Gana un 7.50% APY en USDC con Coinstancy Dollar Savings. Los intereses se acumulan cada segundo y se reinvierten automáticamente, y puedes retirar cuando quieras.